As semiconductor designs continue to scale in complexity and integration, ensuring that chips can be tested thoroughly and economically has become a strategic priority. Manufacturing defects, process variations, and subtle design issues can render even functionally correct designs unusable if they are not detected efficiently during production. Design for Testability https://garrettbptvt.educationalimpactblog.com/60826748/post-silicon-validation-and-bring-up-the-final-test-of-vlsi-design-quality